Global Art Market - 1608 Words

I. Global Art Market Overview 1. The Art World and The Art Market For the recent last decades, art market has become very popular with a boom in total sale revenue worldwide. People start to participate and pay attention to the art world more interactively and frequently. For example, art institutions have gained more admissions than ever before; museum visits surged globally and more people are willing to pursue an art-related career. Generally speaking, art world is broader than the art market. The art world is a overlapping subcultures held by a belief in art. They spread out globally but cluster in art capitals such as New York, London, Los Angeles, Berlin, and the emerging market such as Hong Kong, Beijing and Dubai. The market†¦show more content†¦The art market paradigms have been changing significantly over the last few decades. China, Russia, Middle East, Brazil, Africa has becoming the new emerging markets for the total increase number of participants and trades. Even though art is becoming more attractive to investors (some deal ers describe it as art real estate), the lack of market transparency, illiquidity and high trade costs have limited the participants and left the priorities to a few wealthy individuals and set up a high entry bar for new collectors. 2. Global Art Market Here we use some numbers developed by The European Fine Art Foundation (TEFAF) to describe the global art market: †¢ Slowing economic growth and continuing uncertainty in the global economy filtered down to the art market in 2012 with global sales contracting by 7% to $58.3 billion †¢ Economic dynamics and political uncertainties have produced volatility in many asset markets with safety issues and a premium on blue-chip stocks and low risk assets. The same art work will be repeatedly appear in the high-end market for the famous artists †¢ Post-War and Contemporary art was the largest fine art auction sector, with a 42% share by value and reaching $6.1 billion (which reached the highest level) †¢ The Modern art sector was the second largest with a 30% share of the fine art auction market. TheShow MoreRelatedThe Art Market Has Developed Through The Centuries From The Renaissance Essay720 Words   |  3 PagesThe art market has developed through the centuries from the patron commissioned economy. The art landscape is allocated on the reputable risk of attention and the purchasing power. Those who capitalize in this dicey financial arena are wealthy status symbol seekers, instead of monetary. Technology has progressed globalization, too. Galleries in countries, not thought of as art hubs, can now competing with the major global hubs in the art world. Total art sales are increasing every year, as the marketRead MoreGlobalization and the Art Market605 Words   |  3 PagesYoyo 1 Yonia Yoyo†¨ Professor Doyle Art 333 †¨ 20 September 2015 Globalization and the Art Market The expression globalization is universal and loose. In any case, it is important to consider what it implies for the craftsmanship market and the most extensive circle of aesthetic creation. According to Manfred B. Steger’s book, Globalization: A Very Short Introduction, the term globalization refers to the â€Å"expansion and intensification of social relations and consciousness across world-timeRead MoreThe Relationship Between Art And Commerce1261 Words   |  6 Pagesrelationship between art and commerce has been viewed as hierarchical. In this hierarchy of power, commerce dominates art and negatively influences artistic and creative potential of the art while art is viewed as a form of creative and cultural luxury that needs protection from external corruption. This argument has been brought up continually in academia, all similarly suggesting that there is something inherent in commerce and economics that undermines the purpose and authenticity of art. Whether thisRead MoreThe Value Of Art And Art1726 Words   |  7 PagesThe ownership of art in 2017 is typically brought up in discussions regarding works of art with seven to eight-digit price tags, owned by individuals with a net worth that can be described using nine to ten digits. However, popular opinion would probably agree that the person who has the single greatest appreciation for art is the art historian. Popular opinion would also be quick to agree that the art historian does not value a work of art in accordance with the market’s appraisal of a given pieceRead MorePersonal Statement For Risk Management722 Words   |  3 Pageshistory. The lack of discipline and accountability of these financial intermediaries impacted millions of people, eroding their life savings and forcing them into bankruptcy. The above event has had its influence on me and it is my earnest wish, as a global citizen, to put in place a healthier economy that limits the potential for another downfall. Hence, in the coming few years, I aspire to be a Vice President in the Risk Management department of an international investment bank like Goldman Sachs orRead MoreApplied Research Technology - Case Analysis936 Words   |  4 Pagesable to bring to the mini-oxidation system (in terms of design, functioning, sustainability and efficiency). Moreover he should underline the increased probability of success given by the first-mover advantage that is obtainable in the new specified market (U.S. regions with governmental restrictions for irrigation). Vyas knows that he’s facing a critical decision, but he’s confident that his project is going into the right direction and that is necessary to go forward for the survival of the divisionRead MoreForeign Language Requirement1173 Words   |  5 Pagesstate of foreign language instruction in schools across the country(Cal:Research). This is concerning as all of the competition for the U.S. is gaining a step and we re doing nothing . If the U.S. expects to continue to be competitive in the global market we need to have bilingual citizens. In order to ensure this, we must require a foreign language be learned in high school. To fully master a language by the end of high school, a student s education of it needs to begin in Kindergarten. StudiesRead MoreThe Boing and Mcdonnell Douglas Merger Case Study1280 Words   |  6 PagesDisputes The Boeing-McDonnell Douglas Merger As the two largest producers in the commercial aircraft industry, Boeing and Airbus have been in a long rivalry for over two decades. Because of its huge research and development cost and a volatile market demand situation, the large commercial aircraft industry has only a few viable producers that can successfully operate in this industry. At the end of 1996, there were three competitors in the industry – Airbus, Boeing, and McDonnell Douglas (MDC)Read MoreFailure and Fast Track Project619 Words   |  3 PagesCHRISTOPHER A. BARTLETT HEATHER BECKHAM APPLIED RESEARCH TECHNOLOGIES, INC.: GLOBAL INNOVATION`S CHALLENGES Applied research technologies (ART) are one of the technology world’s emerging giants consisting of a portfolio of 60 business units. In 2006 the total corporate revenue was $11 billion. One of its units is the filtration units which develop next generation of products and technologies. But after two high profile new product failure, the unit had lost confidence. By 2006, it wasRead MoreManaging the Global Supply Chain: Warehousing Essay669 Words   |  3 PagesManaging the Global Supply Chain Warehousing The use of traditional warehousing techniques is still prevalent in warehouses today. Picking and putting away products, followed by clipboard documentation worked well for many businesses though out the years and they have a hard time with embracing the change that technology and its efficiency would bring to their warehouse operations. Many warehouse operations are incorporating this change, â€Å"There is a move away from traditional warehousing with

Sleep Essay - 931 Words

In general, our results suggest that it is possible sleep over 9 hours as well as caffeine intake is a predictor of slower reaction times. In each category of individuals with caffeine, we see a slight increase in average PVT times. For example, we see in Figure 6 an average of 320 ms compared to the average in Figure 3, with caffeine consumption, of 312 ms. While each of the three categories of sleep suggest the finding that caffeine consumption decreased reaction times on average, the statistical analysis presented argues that the significance is not strong and can be seen in the recorded p values. Each of the obtained p values are above 0.05 and this means that based on our data the differences aren’t distinct enough. Looking at the†¦show more content†¦In an article by Mora-Rodrà ­guez and colleagues, we see that the ingestion of a moderate dose of caffeine counteracts the muscle contraction velocity declines observed in the morning, whereas evening caffeine inge stion not only has little effect on neuromuscular performance, but increases the rate of negative side-effects reported (Mora-Rodrà ­guez,2015). Because our study is across a wide range of lab times, it is likely that similarly we will see neuromuscular performance in reaction times to coincide with these findings. For instance, if an individual consumed caffeine in the morning just prior to completing the PVT test it is likely to have a greater neuromuscular performance effect on the reaction time than an individual that consumed caffeine at night and took the test the next morning. Future research with standardized caffeine consumption and timing should be considered to obtain more statistically reliable evidence. As discussed earlier the PVT test is a reliable tool to test psychomotor vigilance and sleep deprivation, but also necessary to consider is optimal duration and metrics of analysis. Due to their superior conceptual and statistical properties and high sensitivity to slee p deprivation, metrics involving response speed and lapses should be considered primary outcomes for the 10-min PVT. In contrast, PVT mean and median metrics, should be avoided as primary measures of alertness (Basner, 2011). This contemporary researchShow MoreRelatedSleep Journal Essay1745 Words   |  7 PagesJennifer Nguyen Professor Perry Daughtry Intro to Psychology 09-28-2012 Sleep Journal Essay College students like myself often put off sleep for other activities like studying, doing homework or even just staying up all night with a friend. Our body follows the twenty-four hour cycle of each day and night through a biological clock called the Circadian rhythm. On the weekdays, staying up all night and skipping meals makes it difficult to focus in class. After lunchtime, I become sleepy andRead MoreSleep Deprivation Essay1302 Words   |  6 PagesSleep is one of the most important things a person does each day. It allows the body to rest and to replenish itself so that it is better able to serve its function of living. Yet many people who dont have enough hours in the day to do everything have to cut out sleep before any other activity. This is especially true for teenagers, who most nights are frantically trying to finish writing essays and completing worksheets before the clock strikes twelve, or are busy participating in after schoolRead MoreThe Beauty of Sleep Essay109 2 Words   |  5 PagesSleep has two basic stages. There is non-REM, and REM sleep: Non-REM stands for non-rapid eye movement. NREM sleep has four stages. Each stage can last from five minutes to fifteen minutes. Stage one consists of alpha waves. Alpha waves are the normal electrical activity when the brain is unconscious or relaxed. In stage one, a person can be woken easily, and if they do get woken up, it would make the person feel as if they hadn’t slept. Also in this stage, you often get a falling sensation andRead MoreSleep Deprivation Essay3848 Words   |  16 PagesAbstract Sleep is one of our basic needs to survive, however in the modern days sleep deprivation in increasing more and more each day, causing accidents and medical problems for the people and the community. This essay will look at the meaning of sleep and sleep deprivation and the basic perspectives on what motivates sleep and sleep deprivation with the five perspectives; evolutionary, psychodynamic, behaviourist, cognitive and the hierarchy of needs. This essay will also evaluate the best perspectiveRead More The Neurophysiology of Sleep and Dreams Essay959 Words   |  4 Pagesof Sleep and Dreams The ancient Babylonians thought dreams were messages from supernatural beings, and that the good dreams came from gods and that bad dreams came from demons. (1) Since then people have sought many different explanations for the occurrence and importance of dreams. Before beginning to understand the function or significance of sleep and dreams, it is important to look at when, what, where, and how dreaming and sleeping occur. Adult humans sleep, or should sleep, forRead MoreThe Functions of Sleep Essay1096 Words   |  5 PagesFunctions of Sleep FUNCTIONS OF SLEEP: #61623; Sleep has not one main function but many. #61623; A most popular theory on why we sleep is the restorative theory of sleep: #61623; Restorative Theory: the theory of sleep that states that we sleep in order to replenish the processes of our minds and bodies that are depleted during the coarse of everyday life. #61623; Increases in low wave sleep correlate with increases in physical activity #61623; During REM sleep, proteins andRead MoreEssay on importance of sleep979 Words   |  4 PagesSleep is a physical and mental resting state in which a person becomes relatively inactive and unaware of the environment. In essence, sleep is a partial detachment from the world, where most external stimuli are blocked from the senses. Normal sleep is characterized by a general decrease in body temperature, blood pressure, breathing rate, and most other bodily functions. In contrast, the human brain never decreases inactivity. Studies have shown that the brain is as active during sleep as itRead MoreSleep Debt and Sleep Deprivation Essay822 Words   |  4 PagesWho Needs Sleep? People will die from from sleep deprivation before people die from food deprivation. It takes 2 weeks to starve, but only 10 days without sleep can kill people. Without sleep many of the people worldwide their daily functions will be taken away, such as remembering, retaining information and lastly you will be more prone to problem skin like acne. More than 78% of college and high school students pull all nighters at some point in their life in school. When pullin all nightersRead MoreSleep and Time Essay7064 Words   |  29 Pagesbe grounds for disciplinary action, including possible termination of employment. In other types of work, such as firefighting or live-in caregiving, sleeping at least part of the shift may be a part of the paid work time. While some employees who sleep while on duty in violation do so intentionally and hope not to get caught, others intend in good faith to stay awake, and accidentally doze. Sleeping while on duty is such an important issue that it is addressed in the employee handbook in most workplacesRead MoreThe Importance of Sleep Essay2311 Words   |  10 PagesSleep is a vital part of life. The many different functions of the body depend on sleep to reenergize and grow. Various types of sleep disorders and parasomnias can interfere with sleep, leaving one feeling sluggish and slow. Many people live with sleep disorders that are untreated or not diagnosed, while others suffer with these disorders, and are unable to get a good night’s sleep. Sleep disorders affect many people and they can be easily treated. Other types of sleep disorders can be grown out

A Mutable Self Free Essays

Haley Wiedenman English 101 Brit Ashley 4/8/11 When reading â€Å"A Mutable Self†, by Mary Catherine Bateson, I am forced to analyze why I am myself. For several years I have stubbornly believed that I have become myself by myself alone and have not been influenced by the things and people around me. I didn’t want to admit that I am in fact tightly connected to people of my past and they have influenced who I am greatly. We will write a custom essay sample on A Mutable Self or any similar topic only for you Order Now Bateson makes it clear in her writing that â€Å"no one –fetus, child, or adult- is independent of the actions and imaginations of others. Though we have the power to alter ourselves, the fact that we do so because the influence of others proves that we can never break the connection of the people who we have been subject to, making us somewhat dependent of those around us. Bateson brings this subject to our attention to spread an awareness of how we come to be under the influence of others. Not only does she inform us of the ways of ourselves but also she enlightens the reader of cultures around the globe. Taking in this information has the potential to change readers view and allow them to have a greater understanding of the world around them. In opening this door Bateson is creating a continual awareness that will aid the reader in their daily life though the understanding of themselves and others. On the contrary to popular belief, Bateson has faith that â€Å"the self is learned, yet ironically it often becomes a barrier to learning. The way that I perceive this is that we often are so stubborn with the views of ourselves that we deny any opposing views given by others, which in turn blocks our access to further knowledge. Once we have an idea in our head about a certain thing, it is often difficult to persuade us otherwise. In the works of Bateson she writes a personal story about her visit to an Iranian kindergarten. In her visit the teacher allowed a period for drawing time to the students. At the end of there time the teacher went to each student, collected the drawing pencils , and threw away each of there creations. I come from a home where my first piece of art I brought home remains framed in our living room. So, to me, it is extremely sad that these children are not rewarded for their creative efforts. Instead of a high five and gold star on our artwork, these small children just watch as their masterpieces fall into a trashcan. The difference between Iranian culture and my own is huge. Though I am sure they have there own motives for their ways, I personally am glad I grew up in a home where I was praised for my hard work. Even though I enjoyed reading this essay, I do believe there are a few things Bateson could have done my successfully. Her writing is a bit repetitive, which I suppose is an effective way to make your point clear, however it can also make the reading a bit dull from time to time. Another item she could have improved on is her connection to the reader. Many of her examples where of other cultures, and while this may be extremely interesting, it does not relate to the most the people who will be reading this essay. It could have been more triumphant if Bateson would have both related to the common reader and added other cultural insight. Connections between the Essays: 1- The self is ever changing – pg. 252 What is the Self? pg. 272 A mutable Self 2- People and culture around you shape the self – pg. 261 What is the Self? pg. 269-270 A Mutable Self Questions 1- Can we disconnect ourselves from our family/community to become independent and find our true selves? (w/ out outside influence) 2- What effect does our childhood have on our lives? How to cite A Mutable Self, Papers

Budgetary Conditions in H R Management †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: What Is The Budgetary Conditions In Human Resource Management? Answer: Introducation Human resource management is an approach that allows business organisations in ensuring proper management of their workforce and optimise their performance using different functions, such as training and development, performance management, career development, etc. The rising market competition and the spread of globalisation has forced business organisations to rethink about the ways in which they can outperform their competitors. Business organisations are now heavily relying upon their human resources to help them in achieving market competencies because all other resources and processes can be easily replicated. Thus, business organisations are investing billions of dollars every year in the training and development of their human resources (Armstrong Taylor, 2014). Training and development Training and development is one of the most important core functions in human resource management. Training and development are specialised programs that are aimed at increasing the skills and technical competencies of the employees so that they can become competitive and can play a greater role in the achievement of organisational goals and objectives. Training and development is helpful in achieving individual as well as organisational objectives (Jehanzeb Bashir, 2013). This report is aimed at discussing the importance of training and development from a business point of view and how it can have an impact on organisational profitability. The report also discusses some future changes that the company can introduce with respect to its training and development strategies. Company background Abc Company Pvt. Ltd is a multinational company that is based in Australia and has foreign subsidiaries in India, China, Singapore and Vietnam. The company provides technical assistance and solutions to a number of multinational companies that are market leaders in their industries. The company has a total workforce of 115,000 employees who and operates 24/7 to provide technological solutions to its employees. Abc Company Pvt. Ltd. company is operating in a competitive industry as there are a number of established competitors in the market but has been able to penetrate the market by competing with such companies on the basis of cost. To ensure quality services to its client, the company has to ensure that it designs and implements regular training and development programs for its employees. Furthermore, being in international business also makes it imperative for the company to design and implement expatriate programs, which would also require special training programs. The company has been losing its market share because of the decreasing employee performance and competencies. after a thorough analysis, the management has identified that its decreasing focus towards training and development programs has been a prime reason for the decrease in market share. Impact of training and development on organisational profitability Training and development are highly beneficial for the employers as well as for the employees. Though training and development programs might require a lot of investment from an employers point of view but the return on investment is way more than what an employer might be investing in a training or development program. Training and development can have a huge impact on an organisations profitability, directly as well as indirectly. The impact of training and development programs on the profitability of an organisation are discussed below: First of all, and most importantly, training and development programs can have a huge impact on the employee performance levels. Training and development programs can affect behaviour of employees by teaching them new skills and competencies, which can enable them to perform their job roles and duties in a more effective manner and perform better on the overall. With an increase in the employee performance levels, business organisations become more productive and can increase their sales and market competitiveness, which would ultimately have a direct impact on the profitability of a company (Gill, 2014). American Society for Training and Development concluded through one of its research that an organisation that spent $1,575 on an average on employee training and development was able to achieve a 24 percent increase in gross profits while the increase in revenue was estimated at 218 percent (Jehanzeb Bashir, 2013). Secondly, training and development programs can help an organisation in identifying people that have the potential to take up higher positions in the organisational hierarchy. By assessing the competencies of the employees, it can become easier for the organisations to prepare them for the future and strengthen their workforce planning. Efficient workforce planning will also help the company in saving recruitment and selection costs, which it would otherwise have to incur in case it carries out frequent recruitment and selection programs and ultimately help the organisation is becoming more profitable (Chopra, 2015). Thirdly, training and development programs can offer growth opportunities to employees which can have a positive impact on their morale, motivation, job satisfaction, job commitment and organisational commitment level. When employees feel engaged and are more committed to their work, they show less absenteeism and tendency to quit. Business organisations are ultimately able to control their employee turnover rates and retain employees by offering them training and development programs, which ultimately helps them in saving important resources that would otherwise go in vain if employee turnover rates rise. Further, an organisation that offers regular training and development programs and is always ready to invest in employee learning programs is always able to foster a positive image in the market as an employer. Such organisations can easily become employers of choice and attract talented employees to work with them. Thus, training and development programs can increase the profitabi lity of an organisation by increasing employee retention, organisational commitment, attracting talented pool of employees and reducing employee turnover ratios. Fourthly, training and development programs can help business organisations in keeping their employees competitive and making them learn new skills and competencies that they can use in their work. A competitive workforce will always show high engagement in their work and will always be designing innovative products and services that will help their companies in grabbing a greater market share and outperforming their competitors. Thus, training and developing employees can help a business organisation in becoming more profitable because of the ability to offer unique, innovative and higher quality products and services. Lastly, when employees regularly attend training and development programs, they become more competitive and efficient in performing their job duties and responsibilities. They start feeling that their organisations value them and they become more responsible towards the employer as well as towards the environment and the customers. As a result of an increase in the responsibility, the employees tend to make the work operations more lean and avoid unnecessary wastage of resources, which ultimately reduces the operational cost and helps their employer in becoming more profitable (McNamara, n.d.). Budgetary conditions in human resource management A budget is a systematic approach towards the allocation of financial resources to various departments and operations of a business. Allocation of adequate financial resources to various functions and practices is one of the most difficult tasks that human resource managers have to do. In such a competitive business era, some organisations believe that investing too much into human resource management practices is a waste of financial resources whereas some organisations believe that investing into the management of human resources is the best form of investment. Human resource managers have to plan the budget for human resource management in such a way that there is neither a shortage of funds nor there is wastage of precious and limited resources. To ensure optimum allocation of financial resources, human resource managers should try to link the budget of human resource management to the corporate strategy. Linking the two will provide a better view of strategic goals to the managers. There are multiple human resource management practices where an organisation can invest its resources but its important for the human resource managers to allocate the right amount of resources to the right practices and functions so that the important human resource practices can be executed efficiently. Some practices to which the human resource managers should allocate the maximum resources are: Training and development it has been found that investing into employee training and development programs is one of the best ways to become more competitive and profitable. Training and development can have a number of benefits for business organisations and can help in increasing a companys profitability, which has also been discussed above. Therefore, it is important that the budget for training and development is kept relatively higher than all other human resource functions because it can have benefits for the employees as well as for the employers (Duggan, n.d.). Performance incentives Rather than allocating high budgets to miscellaneous activities, human resource managers should allocate more resources to performance incentives that are awarded to the employees for the performance level that they are able to demonstrate in an assessment period. Allocating more budget to performance incentives, benefits and employee welfare activities will allow managers to ensure high engagement and motivation levels amongst the employees, which will ultimately provide a high return on investment to the investors and the stakeholders (Andersen, 2000). Workforce planning workforce planning or succession planning is another area where the human resource managers should consider investing more resources because efficient workforce planning can save a lot of resources due to better supply of human resource personnel to ensure continuous business operations. The other important human resource management practices where the human resource managers can allocate the remaining resources are performance management, career development, compensations, recruitment and selection, employee relations, etc. Change plan for ABC Company Pvt. Ltd ABC Company Pvt. Ltd. has been able to penetrate the market efficiently but its inability to focus on employee training and development programs is resulting in a decrease in the companys market share. The management of the company should start focusing more on employee learning programs and allocate more resources to it so that the employees can become more competitive. An increase in the training and development budget will allow the company to design and implement better employee learning programs at regular intervals, which will have benefits for the employees as well as for the employers. To ensure maximum effectiveness of the training and development programs, the company should also ensure that it is able to identify the right training needs of the employees. The management of ABC Company Pvt. Ltd. can use a performance management system and an employee feedback survey to assess the skills that are lacking in the workforce. By implementing a performance management system, the management can monitor and analyse the performance of individuals, departments and the organisation on the whole, which can be used to identify the areas where they lack efficiencies. Further, the management can also make use of anonymous employee feedback surveys where it can ask its employees multiple questions aimed at gaining knowledge about their training needs. By keeping the surveys anonymous, the management will be able to increase the reliability of the feedback because the employees will not hesitate in providing the right information through an anonymous feedback. Conclusion Training and development is one of the most important core function of human resource management. It can not only have multiple benefits for the employees but can also help the employers in a number of ways. An organisation that fails to design and implement training and development programs for its workforce can never survive the market competition in the long run and will ultimately end up losing its market share to the competitors. Therefore, it is important for ABC Company Pvt. Ltd. to carefully analyse the training and development needs of its workforce and implement employee learning programs that would help the workforce in achieving the lacking skills and competencies. Thus, the company will be able to regain its competitive edge and will also become more profitable and efficient References Armstrong, M. Taylor, S., 2014. Armstrong's Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice. s.l.:Kogan Page Publishers. Jehanzeb, K. Bashir, D. N. A., 2013. Training and Development Program and its Benefits to Employee and Organization: A Conceptual Study. European Journal of Business and Management , 5(2) Gill, A., 2014. The Top 10 Benefits Of Ongoing Staff Training And Development. [Online] Available at: https://www.saxonsgroup.com.au/blog/human-resources/top-10-benefits-of-ongoing-staff-training-development/[Accessed 16 May 2017]. McNamara, C., n.d. Employee Training and Development: Reasons and Benefits. [Online] Available at: https://managementhelp.org/training/basics/reasons-for-training.htm [Accessed 16 May 2017]. Duggan, T., n.d. Importance of a Training Budget in Organizations. [Online] Available at: https://yourbusiness.azcentral.com/importance-training-budget-organizations-1364.html[Accessed 16 May 2017]. Andersen, A., 2000. Best Practices: Developing Budgets. [Online] Available at: https://www.inc.com/articles/2000/01/16379.html[Accessed 16 May 2017]. Chopra, B., 2015. Importance of training and development in an organization. [Online] Available at: https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/small-biz/hr-leadership/people/importance-of-training-and-development-in-an-organization/articleshow/48739569.cms?intenttarget=no [Accessed 16 May 2017].

Machinery and Modern Industry Summary

In his discussion about machines and their role in the day to day industrial world, Karl Marx looks at the various aspects of machinery. These include its development, its worth in terms of the product made, its impact on workers, the rising conflicts between workers and machines, industrial changes brought about by machinery and its overall impact in the various sectors.Advertising We will write a custom book review sample on Machinery and Modern Industry: Summary specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Through his view on the role of machines, Marx creates the concept that machinery increases work instead of reducing it. At the beginning of the chapter, Karl Marx quotes John Stuart Mill’s view that questions whether the development of machinery has helped ease the everyday toil of man. Karl Marx regards this as not being the main reason why machinery was invented. He explains this in a capitalistic view. Marx instead views machi nery in the capitalistic community as that which helps in enhancing surplus production and ensuring the attainment of maximum value. He speaks of machines as those that help in performing the roles that would have instead been performed by human beings (Marx, 1906). Marx describes machinery as that made up of three parts which include the motor and transmitting mechanisms as well as the tool. The motor, according to the author, allows movement to take place while the transmitting mechanism helps in the regulation of movement. The two mechanisms are, therefore, charged with the main role of ensuring that the machine is in motion, and that it is working. The tool is described as that which marked the beginning of the industrial revolution in the eighteenth century. Marx attributes the invention of machinery to the development of various sectors which in turn led to the growth of many related spheres. This brought the need for large enterprises and industries to develop machinery that matches with the increased growth in the various spheres. Karl Marx describes machines as those that have evolved from simple tools meant to replace various tasks, to systems that are complex and that do not require any human energy to operate them (Marx, 1906).Advertising Looking for book review on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Karl Marx further continues to differentiate between many machines of one kind working together, and what he refers to as a ‘complex system of machinery’. On one hand, only one machine is used to come up with a product. The machine in this case performs all the necessary processes during the creation of the finished product. The complex system on the other hand, involves the creation of a product through various operations performed by different machines that are all connected to each other. The raw materials are in this case passed from one machine to the other, and through a n umber of processes to come up with the final product. The machinery system is in most cases automated meaning that it does not require the assistance of man to move or function (Marx, 1906). According to Marx, machines are a replacement of human labour, hence, through their introduction; many workers are rendered jobless while others are assigned the role of machine operators. The machines are seen as those that take over jobs that were previously performed by human beings. Here, the major role that is played by the worker is wholly replaced by machines. This system of replacement according to Marx has resulted into major changes in the process of work. Reference Marx K. (1906). Machinery and Modern Industry: Section 1. The Development of Machinery. In F. Engels (Eds.), Capital: A Critique of Political Economy (pp. 405-422). New York: Modern Library. This book review on Machinery and Modern Industry: Summary was written and submitted by user Mya K. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

10 Analytical Essay Topics on Lyric Poetry of Paul Celan

10 Analytical Essay Topics on Lyric Poetry of Paul Celan If you are writing a literary analysis on Paul Celan and his lyric poetry, consider these facts below: Paul Celan was a German-speaking Romanian of Jewish descent whose original last name of â€Å"Ancel† was altered into â€Å"Celan† for his pen name. After studying medicine in Paris he returned to Romania right as the Second World War took hold. During this time he worked in a labor camp while both of his parents were killed in a concentration camp. He escaped and lived in Vienna and Bucharest before he moved back to Paris. Familiar with six languages and fluent in three of them, he learned German and studied literature after the war. This skill-set enabled him to earn money as a translator. During his work as a translator he translated the works of such people as Emily Dickinson and Robert Frost. The poet lived in France but wrote his poems in German. The first collection of poems was published in 1948 in Vienna and the second, in 1952. Both collections brought a great deal of popularity to the poet whose work captured the dangerous union between visceral human memories, sensual music, and intoxicating stanzas. Perhaps one of the poems for which he is most well-known is that of â€Å"Death Fugue† which is a sonic and dactylic poem spoken by concentration camp inmates. The poet is well regarded for his writing in German, which was his mother tongue, but was also the language of the people responsible for shooting and killing his mother. As a survivor living in France, the feelings that the poet harbored of estrangement from German was what influenced his creation of his own version of the language, a dismantled and re-welded version. It is with this transformation of language that he wrote dark poems which explored the experiences he lived. The poet has received multiple accolades for his work including the 1958 reception of the Bremen Prize for his German literature contributions and the 1960 reception of the Georg Buchner Prize. In spite of his success, the poet suffered heavily from depression his entire life and in 1970 took his own life. In 1942, Paul had gone into hiding even though his two parents decided to remain at home and risk being found by the Nazis. Leaving his parents alone, he temporarily escaped being caught by the Nazis and did escape the horrors of the same concentration camp where his parents were deported and later executed. The poet has unarguable linguistic difficulties which actually posed a challenge for translators. The German language created by the poet is distant from the classical German language of old literature and that of the modern spoken German today. In fact the poet often created his own vocabulary, something more easily done in German where the prefixes and postfixes of the language and the very literal vocabulary in existence, technical and often based on Greek and Latin roots. The basis of the German language in this matter allowed the new composites to form multiple layers similar to commonly heard expressions. The phrase â€Å"hauchdunn† in German means â€Å"paper thin† which is a phrase already commonly used, but a creation used by the poet is that of â€Å"rauchdunn† which is â€Å"smoke thin†. The word â€Å"beamwind† contained in the work of the artist is a word meant to express a powerful cleaning of poetry, a cleaning which gets ride of any false claims made by people who are faking their experiences. This term is what gave rise to another similar word, that of â€Å"noem† which is meant to be a compilation of â€Å"not† and â€Å"poem†, something which expresses those poems which are not actually poems or at least the content of which is not real. As part of this, the poet creates a pun which is not translatable, that of â€Å"meingedicht†. â€Å"Mein† is â€Å"my† and â€Å"gedicht† is â€Å"poem† in German, and from this, the term â€Å"meineid† which is a false oath and â€Å"meinung† which is a personal opinion. The poetry of the writer thus creates the term â€Å"beamwind† as a geological term to refer to the wind based erosion of the false stories of others. The poet was dissatisfied with the modern poets of the time, and he published his â€Å"widerrufe† as a way of disavowing the poets of tradition, those poets whom he did not approve of. It is because of this that he has been deemed a language poet because of the way in which he uses his languages to shape his thoughts, especially in the poem entitled â€Å"Wordcaves†. His poem â€Å"Wordcaves† is a poem which serves to tell the reader how the poet wants to be defined and read. It tells the reader how the poet moved from surrealist writing styles and focused solely on language as a way to chart reality and to say complex things which are challenging to hear in a contemporary fashion. The poems used to make this point fail to conform to the traditionally recognizable modes of poetry such as symbolism and rhyme and avoid the popularly accepted poetic markers that so many people learn as a means of recognizing poetry. It is because of this that the poet’s work evolved in a processual fashion and not a procedural fashion. In the poem â€Å"Wordcaves† the poet suggests that his work of poetry must present the words themselves as a cave, with internal complexities and crevasses. He uses words which paint pictures of prehistoric scenes, so as to afford a multitude of perspectives to his work. Rather than focus on the creation of poems which are entertaining, use rhythmic patterns, celebrate minor pleasures and humanity, and use eloquent language, this poet uses carefully constructed stanzas to demonstrate the sadness of life, to offer nostalgia and retrospection. The poetry crafted by the poet celebrate all manner of topics by way of direct language and metaphysical imagery. Using directness and shortness, the readers gain a sense of intricate imagery tied with deep meaning. The use of direct language allows the poet to display individualist personalities of his works. These facts can be applied in an analytical essay because they tell the reason why Celan’s lyric poetry is like this. Moreover, there are 20 topics on the lyric poetry of Paul Celan and a helpful article on analytical essay writing tips. Don’t forget to check them out! References Brasfield, James. Selected Poems And Prose Of Paul Celan, And: Glottal Stop: 101 Poems By Paul Celan (Review).  Prairie Schooner  77.3 (2003): 174-181. Web. Celan, Paul et al.  Gesammelte Werke In Fünf Bänden. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1983. Print. Celan, Paul, and John Felstiner.  Selected Poems And Prose Of Paul Celan. New York: W.W. Norton, 2001. Print. Celan, Paul, and Michael Hamburger.  Paul Celan. Print. Celan, Paul, and Michael Hamburger.  Paul Celan. New York: Persea Books, 1980. Print. Celan, Paul. Inunhabited: Paul Celan And The Ground Of Translation.  Critical Quarterly  45.3 (2003): 66-75. Web. Glenn, Jerry, Paul Celan, and Michael Hamburger. Poems Of Paul Celan.  World Literature Today64.1 (1990): 108. Web.

The Growth and Development of Civilization Essay

The Growth and Development of Civilization - Essay Example It must be noted that the significance of architecture, although perhaps disregarded by many analysts, is perhaps the most important single determinant of the representation of the 12th-century renaissance. This is due to the fact that architecture is one of the few aspects of human knowledge and representation that can instill and a level of awe in the subject and constrain/define behavior on the part of the societal stakeholder in a certain manner. Further, as a direct result of the increase in knowledge and the thirst for further understanding that could be gained with regards to the many subjects that came to be represented during the 12th century, the rise of the University was a further defining element through which this renaissance came to be reflected. Of all the information that is been put forward thus far, little emphasis has been placed with regards to the interpersonal levels of societal growth and evolution. Whereas architecture can instill a level of respect and pride in the society and the growth of science and technology that is able to represent such structures, these are ultimately impersonal aspects. By much the same token, the University experience and the acquisition of knowledge is something that, although it directly benefits society and the individual, is not necessarily engaged with interpersonal interaction nor promote a broader societal consciousness. However, as is definitively represented within the legends of King Arthur, an emphasis upon the codes of chivalry, romance, and courtly love is a prime element for the manner in which these stories are told and understood by the reader (Rydstrà ¸m-Poulsen 799). The ultimate significance of the institution of chivalry and the process of courtly love was not only as a means of providing a formalized structure through which interpersonal relations could take place.

Environmental Issues in Dairy Processing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Environmental Issues in Dairy Processing - Essay Example The second important aspect to be considered is the soil inside and around Fonterra Tirau. This is necessary because the materials and processes that are used in the milk processing can be harmful to the environment (soil) if care is not taken in their handling. If leakages or spillages occur, they can foster the micro - organism spread. Nitrogen, which is a major byproduct in the lactalbumin processing can easily leach into underground water and result in contamination of underground water sources. The other concern is that the nature of milk by-products is such that it can hamper oxygen supply in the soil, or disrupt infiltration. These in general would affect soil quality by polluting it, and this would end up even into waterways (Barnett, Robertson& Russell, n.d.).Thirdly, although not much considered is the inconvenience that might be caused by the heavy commercial vehicles, which are constantly moving into or out of Fonterra Tirau. Owing to the fact that they are large, they ha ve the potential to cause much noise and congestion of traffic in the area around Tirau. This is the same case with the heavy plant machinery used. In the light of this, it is the mandate of Fonterra Tirau to ensure that the machinery and trucks accessing the area do not have negative effects to the surrounding (Lundie, Schulz, Peters, & Nebel, 2009).Finally, air quality should be a factor very sensitive, and should be considered as well. Plant processes such as fermenting of lactic casein, bad milk.

Contract Modification Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Contract Modification - Case Study Example The defendant promised to pay an additional sum of money for each flats timely construction fearing he would face liquated damages for delay under the original contract. After finishing about eight more completed flats, the plaintiff refused to work any more and also refused to return the remaining 460, which was the amount owing from the subsequent promise or the eight completed flats. The defendant tried to argue that following Stilk v Myrick3, they were not liable to the plaintiff because the subsequent promise was not legally enforceable due to the fact that no consideration had been paid for it .The plaintiff had offered no consideration because, in exchange, the plaintiff was only offering to do what he was already bound to do.4 The Court held that there was indeed a benefit for the defendant in that he would avoid the penalty liquidated damages and have the convenience of continuing with the same carpenter At the time this case was decided, it was widely expected that that this new notion of a "practical benefit analysis" would be applied to future cases concerning part payment of debts. 5If thoroughly applied the previous cases of Foakes v Beer and Pinnel's case would be rendered as not good precedent.6 Therefore, where the creditor accepts less than the full amount owed to him and promises to waive the rest of the money it would not be difficult for him to prove that there have been any practical benefits received. 7Lord Blackburn who gave the dissenting judgement in Foakes v Beer acknowledged this, as follows:8 "All men of business ... do everyday recognise and act on the ground that prompt payment of a part of their demand may be more beneficial to them than it would be to insist on their rights and enforce payment of the whole. Even where the debtor is perfectly solvent, and sure to pay at last, this is often so. Where the credit of the debtor is doubtful it must be more so."9 The case of Re Selectmove Ltd.10 involved an appeal by a company from an order arising from the request of the IRC to recover a large amount of taxes and to wind up the defaulting company. The company pleaded that the IRC had promised through an agreement that they could pay the arrears in a monthly scheme and pay the new taxes promptly. The court held in line with Williams v Roffey brothers that this arrangement amounted to a practical benefit to the IRC. However the case was decided in the favour of IRC and Peter Gibson L J made it very clear that if the Court of Appeal were to accept the practical benefits analysis, "It would in effect leave the principle in Foakes v Beer without any application". He also said that the creditor will almost always look at the practical benefits of any bargain but they cannot be classified as new consideration and this has been the view in Foakes v Beer. This view of the Court of Appeal has been subjected to much criticism. 11It is often said that it overlooked the incompatibility between the decisions of the Williams v Roffey and Foakes v Beer and that it is not possible to restrict this case merely to a restriction or expansion of the practical benefits doctrine but a clear line needed to be drawn between a promise to pay additional sums of money under the Williams v Roffey Case and a promise to accept a lesser amount of money in lieu of the full payment under the rule in Foakes v

An Introduction To Distance Learning

An Introduction To Distance Learning Distance learning is a form of education which has been created with the aim of delivering education among those students who are not able to attend regular school due to various reasons. It can also be defined as a education system to create as well as offer access to learning in a situation where the source of education and learner are away from each other because of time and distance. In brief, we can say that distance learning is an ideal way to offer education of equal quality to meet the educational requirement of a learner outside the classroom. This method of education is being adopted by a huge number of universities and institutes around the world. If the status of distance learning is considered then we will find that though it is not as such very old phenomenon here but there is no doubt to the fact that it has been accepted wholeheartedly here and a great number of students in India are getting themselves enrolled for numerous course via distance learning. Roughly, we can count about 11 universities and about 54 institutions which are offering distance learning programs and the number is still on increase. Types of Technologies Used in Distance Education: One of the best ways to categorize the different types of distance education is by deciding whether the teacher and learner are present at the same time irrespective of the distance of time and place. In other words, when teaching and learning take place simultaneously, then this situation is termed as a synchronous which means at the same time. On the other hand, when the teacher and learner participate as per convenience of his time, then it is termed as an asynchronous situation which as the situation indicates means not at the same time. The term hybrid course is often used in distance learning programs. Actually, this term is the blend of both synchronous and asynchronous which means that it includes distance learning and face to face meeting as well. This situation is organized in a way that the teacher offers certain hours to his disciple where the latter is available at the same time by different means such as email, instant messages, telephone or video calling. Different Technologies Used in Synchronous Situation: Interactive Television: This method is often offered by the teacher and the student can join some nearest facility and be a part of a group using television as a means of connecting them. Web Conferencing: Here the learners make use of computers with web cam and microphone attached. In this technology, the teacher and the learner are not only able to see and talk with each other but they can also share documents as well. A good range of proprietary systems make it successful means of studying like Blackboard, WebCT, Adobe Connect and OnSync. Video Chat: It can be said as a shrink version of Web conferencing as it has fewer features available compared to the former. Different Technologies Used in Asynchronous Situation: In this situation, the teacher prepares his own time and the students take part in time when the time is suited to them. However, at times one has to be there within a specified time frame. This objective is achieved by using various means such as: There are certain online learning platforms like Ed2go where students are required to complete the work told and at times they have to perform self-assessment too. The teachers can be available via Ed2go but it is not so via all systems. Correspondence Courses: This method is in use before the other methods of distance education appeared in India. These courses can be done using email or Fax and also the postal service. But the idea remains same here too which is the work is completed by the student and sent to the teacher for assessment. Types of Distance Learning Courses: Internet conducted course which is based on ones choice for synchronous, asynchronous or Hybrid Broadcast Course: Here television or radio is used as means. Usually television programs are included into curriculum other than educational program which take place when the teacher and student are present face to face. For example: taped demo of the content etc. students are helped by the teachers and the project report are sent to the teachers. Courses Based on Internet: These types of courses are evolved in the internet environment using various means such as e-books, e-mail chats, asynchronous forums or mailing lists to name few. Moreover, the internet based courses can be easily blended with other distance learning courses mentioned above. Thus, we can conclude the distance learning courses in the under mentioned basic forms: Authors Course in Varying Topics Postgraduate Programs as well as Varying Staff Evolvement Programs University Course for Campus Students University Course meant for the students at the secondary and high school level Course in Specialized Fields Business Oriented Courses The Most Eligible Students for Distance Learning: Learners in different situations can take advantage of distance learning. Some fo these situations include: People who find it hard to leave home due to various reasons can be benefitted from distance education. It allows them to get the degree even in their confinement. Workers for those it is not possible to attend the local class which is scheduled for a fix time. By distance learning, they can arrange their timings are per their convenience. Home schoolers who though are enrolled in a school but who wish to increase their local opportunities by option for educational classes by taking the help of distance education. Distance learning is best for would-be students. It means students who live away from an institution offering t he course of their choice or in other words, the course/program they are willing to take is not offered by college or institution near their home. Even prisoners might be able to access to studies using different types of distance learning programs. Students who are not able to attend physical schools because of huge expense will also find it cheaper way to get their degree in distance learning. There are students who remain in search of just refresher on a specific subject but not complete course. Reasons to Opt for Distance Learning Education: Almost all students around the world are well-aware of the huge benefits of getting their studies done via distance learning. Some of the prominent benefits of distance learning include: Study is Not Restricted by Time and Place: Distance learning allows you to study wherever you wish. As we all know, internet is the basic need of todays education and it is an integral part of distance learning. So, if you have got internet connection then it means that the entire world is your classroom and your education objectives are no more restricted in geographical boundaries. You can study from your home or even office to as per your choice. No Time Restrictions: Similar to eddy where you wish, you can also study at any time whenever you find it convenient. Due to asynchronous learning, you can make use of your computers at any time of the day and have access to your study material that is in the form of videotaped lectures, research materials, chat rooms etc. it must not be amusing if you are able to get your Masters or even PhDs done via distance learning programs. Customization of College Degree as Per Ones Specific Needs: No doubt, education is very important but there are a huge number of students who have to juggle with other commitments too. Students who are working to meet these commitments such as caring for others or traveling frequently find it hard or almost impossible to join some local school or college with scheduled time. In addition to this, those who like to learn independently also find distance learning appealing. Someone-else can Pay on Your Behalf: Distance learning programs get more attractive when many employers are ready to pat a certain part or even all of their tuition fees. In this situation which better be termed as win-win situation, on one side employers are able to hire employees with increased knowledge or skill and employees are able to get higher degree without spending with a meager amount or no money at all and also are not required to reduce their working hours. Getting Degree Faster: Generally, it is possible to obtain degree faster in online course or programs compared to campus counterparts. It is due to the fact that online classes are often take place hurriedly and thus enabling one to finish their classes in less time. Also, if you have transferable credits in your favor from some other institution, you can easily make your course completion time via distance learning even lesser. Obviously, the faster you will have your degree in your hand; the chances will be more to grab a job or salary of your choice. Allow you to Build New Skills: It is certain that you get your degree via distance learning program; you must have to build certain skills which are needed to meet the requirements of distance learning programs. You are supposed to have a great deal of motivation, responsibility and making best of your time available. So, you get the skills like self-discipline and the ability to learn on your own and these skills thereafter transfer to your work place. In case, your course work is too be submitted through computers, then it will also result in your improved writing skills. Courses Offered in Distance Learning in India: The universities offering distance learning in India is administered by the Distance Education Council of India (DEC). This organization is based in the capital. The distance learning course offered in India can be divided under the number of disciplines such as Arts, Science and Commerce. Both undergraduates and post graduates can be pursued via distance learning programs in India in addition to numerous diploma courses. List of Undergraduate course which have been included in distance learning programs in India include: Bachelor of Arts (English, History, Psychology, Hindi, Sanskrit and Sociology) Bachelor of Commerce Bachelor of Science (Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Zoology and Economics) Bachelor of Library Bachelor of Education (B.Ed.) Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA) In addition to these courses, students can also get Advanced Diploma, Diploma, Post Graduate Diploma and Certificate Courses at a number of institutes offering the option of distance learning in Indian States. Indian States Offering Distance Learning Programs/Course: Some of the prominent Indian states which offer distance learning comprise New Delhi, Maharashtra, West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh and Gujarat just to name few. In real, often it is open universities that provide distance learning programs/courses. In addition to open universities in the country, there are other leading state universities which offer distance learning course. some of these universities comprise University of Delhi, University of Mumbai, Punjab University and Hyderabad University. Other universities also have separate department for distance education in Indian states. In upshot, it can be said that the trend of getting higher education or degrees is on increase day by day and it is expected to keep on going in future too with much more option available to the learners with more advanced technologies included in it. It is also crystal clear that distance learning is not an option of getting education for those only who cannot afford physical schools or campuses but it is equally famous among urban people too. It is due to the fact that distance learning offers them various opportunities to polish their skills and get higher degrees needed to move on to the higher designations. They can move on to the higher post without leaving their current job and are able to carry on their studies without quitting their jobs. In addition to this, most of the course or programs available in distance learning are related to current industry, so these courses prove highly beneficial with simple method of taking admissions into these courses no matter where you are.

A Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen Essay -- Dolls House Henrik Ibsen Essa

A Doll's House by Henrik Ibsen â€Å"A dolls house† was written by Henrik Ibsen and produced by famous actors during the time of the 1800’s; in fact it was the year of 1879 to be precise. It was around this time that many different Social, cultural and historical moments were changing through time, leaving the end result to change not only one country but had an effect on most of the world. For this section of the work I will be carefully discussing with you the issues of; * Social events * Cultural events * Historical events Social Each of these events all had major issues around during the time; like the peoples views on marriage and the roles of men and women – with or without being married. Views and opinions were vitally important in those days, they had a massive effect on people’s lives, as meeting a widowed woman would have been horrific, simply because people saw marriage as such a major obstacle. Marriage was incredibly serious during them times and it was not accepted for people to split up from a marriage. They felt that when getting married they should only accept the other person if they were happy to live with them forever until death as the as the priest when getting married says: â€Å"Until death do us part† ======================== Each person when in a marriage had there own role; for the women they had to mainly work as housewives (although there were exceptions) and for the men they had to get a job and bring in the income for there relationship to live. It was just â€Å"the done thing† there were no reasons why a man could not stay at home and look after the house why the women worked it was just the way people presumed it to go. This is still pushing the boundaries of today... ...on. Divorce was unacceptable, as I have briefly mentioned before. The play itself is poignant as it set around the Christmas holiday, this is a time for giving, loving and sharing etcetera, where as Nora is doing the opposite. Also this is ironic as Nora’s father was a priest for the Christian religion. Nora believes in this miracle throughout the whole play, the fact that she is going to be free. Overall, all of these events played a massive role on Henrik Ibsen and influenced him incredibly leading to the naturalistic play of â€Å"A dolls house†. Without these cultural, historical and social issues taking place the play would not have turned out any thing like it did. Not only did the issues have a massive effect on the play but also the play had a massive effect on the issues. Taking each step a little closer with things like the right for women to vote.

Intro to Ethics Essay

Ethics is a field of study where people are encouraged to examine their own moral values and be able to examine the values of others. There are several types of ethics, but we wish to examine normative ethics and to differentiate between teleology and deontology. We also wish to examine and explain how virtue theory and character are connected. Normative ethics can be defined as arriving at a moral standard that regulates our right and wrong conduct. It is a search for an ideal behavior. Fieser notes that the Golden Rule is an exemplary example of a â€Å"normative principle (2006). Fieser also notes that there is one key assumption of normative ethics—that there is â€Å"only one ultimate criterion of moral conduct (Ibid). † There are three strategies of note—virtue theories, duty theories, and consequentialist theories. Virtue theories place the emphasis on learning a set of rules and more stress on developing good character traits (Ibid). It is one of the oldest normative traditions in Western philosophy (Ibid). Duty theories â€Å"base morality on specific, foundational principles of obligation (Ibid). Fieser notes four central duty theories. The first is put forward by Samuel Pufendorf, who placed all duties under the headings of duty to God, duty to self, and duty to others. The second is called rights theory, which was forwarded by John Locke. A third duty theory is emphasized by Kant, who put forward a single principle of duty. He states we have a â€Å"categorical imperative (Ibid). † A final duty based theory comes from W. D. Ross. He states that our duties are â€Å"part of the fundamental nature of the universe (Ibid). Consequentialist theories postulate that moral conduct is determined â€Å"solely by a cost-benefit analysis of an action’s consequence (Ibid). † Teleology and deontology are two diametrically opposed theories that propose two ways of approaching right and wrong. Teleological theory states that the ultimate criteria of what is morally right is the non-moral value that is brought to the table. According to Frankena, the â€Å"final appeal†¦must be to the comparative amount of good produced (1973). In other words, more good than evil must be produced to measure the action ‘good’ under a teleological theory. In deontological theories, â€Å"the basic judgments of obligation are all purely particular ones (Ibid). † There are two types of deontological theories—act deontological theories and rule deontological theories. Act deontological theories state we must decide what is the right thing to do in each particular situation. Rule deontological theories state that the â€Å"standard of right and wrong consists of one or more rules (Ibid). † Virtue theory and character are connected because we are each raised with a particular value system that guides us in our moral behavior. That virtue theory is ingrained in our character, therefore creating a unique individual with a unique value system. Ethics is a complex subject that is hard to define and defies explanation. It is intricate and complex and encourages us to think about our own morals and moral system. It encourages us to move beyond our narrow constraints of right and wrong to the broader implications of our moral thinking. We should constantly examine our ethics to make sure we are making proper decisions and we are not thinking only of ourselves, but of our fellow man as well.

Learning Through Observation

She was talking about a customer she had to deal with in the office and the husband started talking about a official, yet interesting case he was working on. He was talking about running tests, so I'm guessing he works some sort of Job in a hospital like setting or maybe a lab. After they talked about their work for a minute she started to talk about the baby they were expecting and how excited they were. She seemed nervous and wanted everything to be planned out and in order for when the baby came.He reassured her that she had been doing a great Job and he did not want her to work too hard or stress out. He even offered to take on more responsibilities around the house because he did not want her on her feet too much. The woman had a smile on her face. The couple seemed to have a very healthy relationship. What the husband was saying to his wife was very helpful. He wanted to relieve any stress that she had and reassured her that she is not alone going through these amazing life cha nges and that he was there for her.This observation was a good example of our two basic needs, affiliation and achievement. They are affectionate towards one another and the wife even congratulated him on his milestones at work. This was also a good example of how each person demonstrated generality. The husband is doing great tit work and the woman is expecting a baby. If the couple was not so supportive the relationship dynamic could be completely different.There could be a lot more stress on both of them and less intimacy, therefore more Isolation according to Erosion's Intimacy verse Isolation and the human need for Intimacy. This couple also fit the standards of our society's social clock. The couple seemed financially stable, they were married, in their early thirties and expecting what is probably their first child. These are the appropriate endeavors one might expect from someone in their hearties in America. It was a Saturday evening around 7 o'clock July 20, 2013.I went to Kingfisher the restaurant with my boyfriend. We ended up sitting next to a couple who looked to be in their thirties. The couple looked to me to be a happy one. They were married; you stress out. He even offered to take on more responsibilities around the house stress on both of them and less intimacy, therefore more isolation according to Erosion's intimacy verse isolation and the human need for intimacy. This couple also fit the standards of our society social clock. The couple seemed financially stable,

Roswell Essays

Roswell Essays Roswell Essay Roswell Essay State your hypothesis (prediction) about the incident: Research (use the table below to record your research): Note: You must include the information below for AT LEAST THREE sources to receive full credit for this assignment. Site title http://w. NM. Resolutenesss. Com/ URL or book publisher Resolutenesss. Com/Roswell. HTML Who created the site FOMCL NM Inc Brief description In 1869 Van Smith purchased some land with a few bulldogs and named it Roswell after his dad. Four years later Smith established a post office. In 1877 Smiths began developing the community. Later down the road during World War II, the Roswell Army Alarm Held was established south of Roswell to train bomber crews. SIX years later Roswell Army Alarm Field got Involved In a unidentified flying object northwest of Roswell. Science or pseudoscience pseudoscience Support or refute your hypothesis? I believe it was not aliens because it was a unidentified flying object north west of Roswell. They couldnt tell weather it was a alien spaceship or Just a weather balloon. So there for there is no real proof that is was a spaceship. Http://YMMV. Violence. Org/ I could not find who made site Dan Willow and his wife were sitting on their front porch when they saw a bright saucer shaped object with glowing lights moving across they sky at 400-500 miles per hour. Willow estimated that the flying object was about 20-25 feet across. The object was coming from the Southeast and disappeared to the Northwest.. Science or pseudoscience I believe that if willow saw something in the sky and was going 400-500 MPH it loud be hard to tell how big it really was. I also believe that if you could see lights glowing that it had to be getting dark or dark already so that leads me to believe that it was Just a plane even if it was Just a small one. Http://www. History. Com/topics/Roswell History. Com A Television Networks A sheep farmer was out checking on his sheep and came across some debris. Officials from the local Air Force base asserted that it was a crashed weather balloon, many people believed it was the remains of an flying saucer. 50 years after the U. S. Literary issued a report linking the incident to a top-secret atomic espionage project called Project Mogul. Science or pseudoscience pseudoscience I believe that it was really Just a weather balloon because threes no real proof that is was a spaceship. Science or pseudoscience Does your research support or refute your hypothesis? Please explain below: I believe that my research supports my hypothesis because there is no pictures or real proof besides people saying they saw a spaceshi p. I dont think that people can be used to support it because that could have lied.

Project Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 4

Project Management - Essay Example The Belgian biscuit launch shall be used as the take-off point for revitaliseing sales and marketing efforts, in order to help assure a business turnaround for BIX-FIX. Determine the final version of the new product through product development processes, including test marketing, in terms of standardisation of ingredients, product shape, packaging, and packaged quantities Several mechanisms need to be in place to successfully manage the project and help ensure its success. Project management needs careful planning and organising in order to achieve objectives. Aside from defining goals and objectives, there is a need to identify the various tasks needed to be accomplished to achieve the goals, quantifying the resources needed, determining the budget, and defining the schedule for completion. Upon completion of the plan, implementation, evaluation and maintenance follow (Free Mgt Lib 2009). In the area of Product Development, the proposed new Belgian biscuit will need to undergo a series of trial production runs to be able to standardise quality and quantity of ingredients, biscuit shape and other considerations for packaged food products. In coordination with Marketing, trial production with different specifications for packaging and size also need to be tested. The final product version that will pass the test will also need to be tested to confirm that the design of the new product is compatible with mass production. In the area of Production, as was decided by the board of directors, a new production machine shall be installed to handle increased production arising from the introduction of the new product. The ordering, delivery and installation time of this new equipment should be considered in the Project Schedule, as this is projected to be needed from Year 2 onwards after launch. A new 2-shift working system will need to be adopted compared with the current day only working pattern. This

Irresponsible drinking - is it getting worse Essay

Irresponsible drinking - is it getting worse - Essay Example More than one fifth of women and one third of men consume more than the daily recommended alcohol levels (OCR 2011, p. 2). People are also more concerned about irresponsible drinking because young adults and children are beginning to drink at a much younger age than ever before. Statistics further indicate that out of every secondary school student, one drinks alcohol more than once a week. Even the government is concerned that the drinking rates, especially among minors, have reached worrying levels. Parents, friends, and licensed premises have been largely blamed for contributing to irresponsible drinking among children (OCR 2011, p. 2). One proposal that has been made to deal with irresponsible drinking entails appointing auditors to examine how the alcohol industry abides by the codes of practice that check on responsible retailing. Change of laws has also been proposed to force alcohol suppliers into line. Increasing taxes on alcohol prices so as to discourage irresponsible drinking has also been proposed. There have been campaigns about the dangers of abusing alcohol, aimed at discouraging irresponsible drinking (OCR 2011, p.