Machinery and Modern Industry Summary

In his discussion about machines and their role in the day to day industrial world, Karl Marx looks at the various aspects of machinery. These include its development, its worth in terms of the product made, its impact on workers, the rising conflicts between workers and machines, industrial changes brought about by machinery and its overall impact in the various sectors.Advertising We will write a custom book review sample on Machinery and Modern Industry: Summary specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Through his view on the role of machines, Marx creates the concept that machinery increases work instead of reducing it. At the beginning of the chapter, Karl Marx quotes John Stuart Mill’s view that questions whether the development of machinery has helped ease the everyday toil of man. Karl Marx regards this as not being the main reason why machinery was invented. He explains this in a capitalistic view. Marx instead views machi nery in the capitalistic community as that which helps in enhancing surplus production and ensuring the attainment of maximum value. He speaks of machines as those that help in performing the roles that would have instead been performed by human beings (Marx, 1906). Marx describes machinery as that made up of three parts which include the motor and transmitting mechanisms as well as the tool. The motor, according to the author, allows movement to take place while the transmitting mechanism helps in the regulation of movement. The two mechanisms are, therefore, charged with the main role of ensuring that the machine is in motion, and that it is working. The tool is described as that which marked the beginning of the industrial revolution in the eighteenth century. Marx attributes the invention of machinery to the development of various sectors which in turn led to the growth of many related spheres. This brought the need for large enterprises and industries to develop machinery that matches with the increased growth in the various spheres. Karl Marx describes machines as those that have evolved from simple tools meant to replace various tasks, to systems that are complex and that do not require any human energy to operate them (Marx, 1906).Advertising Looking for book review on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Karl Marx further continues to differentiate between many machines of one kind working together, and what he refers to as a ‘complex system of machinery’. On one hand, only one machine is used to come up with a product. The machine in this case performs all the necessary processes during the creation of the finished product. The complex system on the other hand, involves the creation of a product through various operations performed by different machines that are all connected to each other. The raw materials are in this case passed from one machine to the other, and through a n umber of processes to come up with the final product. The machinery system is in most cases automated meaning that it does not require the assistance of man to move or function (Marx, 1906). According to Marx, machines are a replacement of human labour, hence, through their introduction; many workers are rendered jobless while others are assigned the role of machine operators. The machines are seen as those that take over jobs that were previously performed by human beings. Here, the major role that is played by the worker is wholly replaced by machines. This system of replacement according to Marx has resulted into major changes in the process of work. Reference Marx K. (1906). Machinery and Modern Industry: Section 1. The Development of Machinery. In F. Engels (Eds.), Capital: A Critique of Political Economy (pp. 405-422). New York: Modern Library. This book review on Machinery and Modern Industry: Summary was written and submitted by user Mya K. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

10 Analytical Essay Topics on Lyric Poetry of Paul Celan

10 Analytical Essay Topics on Lyric Poetry of Paul Celan If you are writing a literary analysis on Paul Celan and his lyric poetry, consider these facts below: Paul Celan was a German-speaking Romanian of Jewish descent whose original last name of â€Å"Ancel† was altered into â€Å"Celan† for his pen name. After studying medicine in Paris he returned to Romania right as the Second World War took hold. During this time he worked in a labor camp while both of his parents were killed in a concentration camp. He escaped and lived in Vienna and Bucharest before he moved back to Paris. Familiar with six languages and fluent in three of them, he learned German and studied literature after the war. This skill-set enabled him to earn money as a translator. During his work as a translator he translated the works of such people as Emily Dickinson and Robert Frost. The poet lived in France but wrote his poems in German. The first collection of poems was published in 1948 in Vienna and the second, in 1952. Both collections brought a great deal of popularity to the poet whose work captured the dangerous union between visceral human memories, sensual music, and intoxicating stanzas. Perhaps one of the poems for which he is most well-known is that of â€Å"Death Fugue† which is a sonic and dactylic poem spoken by concentration camp inmates. The poet is well regarded for his writing in German, which was his mother tongue, but was also the language of the people responsible for shooting and killing his mother. As a survivor living in France, the feelings that the poet harbored of estrangement from German was what influenced his creation of his own version of the language, a dismantled and re-welded version. It is with this transformation of language that he wrote dark poems which explored the experiences he lived. The poet has received multiple accolades for his work including the 1958 reception of the Bremen Prize for his German literature contributions and the 1960 reception of the Georg Buchner Prize. In spite of his success, the poet suffered heavily from depression his entire life and in 1970 took his own life. In 1942, Paul had gone into hiding even though his two parents decided to remain at home and risk being found by the Nazis. Leaving his parents alone, he temporarily escaped being caught by the Nazis and did escape the horrors of the same concentration camp where his parents were deported and later executed. The poet has unarguable linguistic difficulties which actually posed a challenge for translators. The German language created by the poet is distant from the classical German language of old literature and that of the modern spoken German today. In fact the poet often created his own vocabulary, something more easily done in German where the prefixes and postfixes of the language and the very literal vocabulary in existence, technical and often based on Greek and Latin roots. The basis of the German language in this matter allowed the new composites to form multiple layers similar to commonly heard expressions. The phrase â€Å"hauchdunn† in German means â€Å"paper thin† which is a phrase already commonly used, but a creation used by the poet is that of â€Å"rauchdunn† which is â€Å"smoke thin†. The word â€Å"beamwind† contained in the work of the artist is a word meant to express a powerful cleaning of poetry, a cleaning which gets ride of any false claims made by people who are faking their experiences. This term is what gave rise to another similar word, that of â€Å"noem† which is meant to be a compilation of â€Å"not† and â€Å"poem†, something which expresses those poems which are not actually poems or at least the content of which is not real. As part of this, the poet creates a pun which is not translatable, that of â€Å"meingedicht†. â€Å"Mein† is â€Å"my† and â€Å"gedicht† is â€Å"poem† in German, and from this, the term â€Å"meineid† which is a false oath and â€Å"meinung† which is a personal opinion. The poetry of the writer thus creates the term â€Å"beamwind† as a geological term to refer to the wind based erosion of the false stories of others. The poet was dissatisfied with the modern poets of the time, and he published his â€Å"widerrufe† as a way of disavowing the poets of tradition, those poets whom he did not approve of. It is because of this that he has been deemed a language poet because of the way in which he uses his languages to shape his thoughts, especially in the poem entitled â€Å"Wordcaves†. His poem â€Å"Wordcaves† is a poem which serves to tell the reader how the poet wants to be defined and read. It tells the reader how the poet moved from surrealist writing styles and focused solely on language as a way to chart reality and to say complex things which are challenging to hear in a contemporary fashion. The poems used to make this point fail to conform to the traditionally recognizable modes of poetry such as symbolism and rhyme and avoid the popularly accepted poetic markers that so many people learn as a means of recognizing poetry. It is because of this that the poet’s work evolved in a processual fashion and not a procedural fashion. In the poem â€Å"Wordcaves† the poet suggests that his work of poetry must present the words themselves as a cave, with internal complexities and crevasses. He uses words which paint pictures of prehistoric scenes, so as to afford a multitude of perspectives to his work. Rather than focus on the creation of poems which are entertaining, use rhythmic patterns, celebrate minor pleasures and humanity, and use eloquent language, this poet uses carefully constructed stanzas to demonstrate the sadness of life, to offer nostalgia and retrospection. The poetry crafted by the poet celebrate all manner of topics by way of direct language and metaphysical imagery. Using directness and shortness, the readers gain a sense of intricate imagery tied with deep meaning. The use of direct language allows the poet to display individualist personalities of his works. These facts can be applied in an analytical essay because they tell the reason why Celan’s lyric poetry is like this. Moreover, there are 20 topics on the lyric poetry of Paul Celan and a helpful article on analytical essay writing tips. Don’t forget to check them out! References Brasfield, James. Selected Poems And Prose Of Paul Celan, And: Glottal Stop: 101 Poems By Paul Celan (Review).  Prairie Schooner  77.3 (2003): 174-181. Web. Celan, Paul et al.  Gesammelte Werke In Fünf Bänden. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1983. Print. Celan, Paul, and John Felstiner.  Selected Poems And Prose Of Paul Celan. New York: W.W. Norton, 2001. Print. Celan, Paul, and Michael Hamburger.  Paul Celan. Print. Celan, Paul, and Michael Hamburger.  Paul Celan. New York: Persea Books, 1980. Print. Celan, Paul. Inunhabited: Paul Celan And The Ground Of Translation.  Critical Quarterly  45.3 (2003): 66-75. Web. Glenn, Jerry, Paul Celan, and Michael Hamburger. Poems Of Paul Celan.  World Literature Today64.1 (1990): 108. Web.

The Growth and Development of Civilization Essay

The Growth and Development of Civilization - Essay Example It must be noted that the significance of architecture, although perhaps disregarded by many analysts, is perhaps the most important single determinant of the representation of the 12th-century renaissance. This is due to the fact that architecture is one of the few aspects of human knowledge and representation that can instill and a level of awe in the subject and constrain/define behavior on the part of the societal stakeholder in a certain manner. Further, as a direct result of the increase in knowledge and the thirst for further understanding that could be gained with regards to the many subjects that came to be represented during the 12th century, the rise of the University was a further defining element through which this renaissance came to be reflected. Of all the information that is been put forward thus far, little emphasis has been placed with regards to the interpersonal levels of societal growth and evolution. Whereas architecture can instill a level of respect and pride in the society and the growth of science and technology that is able to represent such structures, these are ultimately impersonal aspects. By much the same token, the University experience and the acquisition of knowledge is something that, although it directly benefits society and the individual, is not necessarily engaged with interpersonal interaction nor promote a broader societal consciousness. However, as is definitively represented within the legends of King Arthur, an emphasis upon the codes of chivalry, romance, and courtly love is a prime element for the manner in which these stories are told and understood by the reader (Rydstrà ¸m-Poulsen 799). The ultimate significance of the institution of chivalry and the process of courtly love was not only as a means of providing a formalized structure through which interpersonal relations could take place.

Environmental Issues in Dairy Processing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Environmental Issues in Dairy Processing - Essay Example The second important aspect to be considered is the soil inside and around Fonterra Tirau. This is necessary because the materials and processes that are used in the milk processing can be harmful to the environment (soil) if care is not taken in their handling. If leakages or spillages occur, they can foster the micro - organism spread. Nitrogen, which is a major byproduct in the lactalbumin processing can easily leach into underground water and result in contamination of underground water sources. The other concern is that the nature of milk by-products is such that it can hamper oxygen supply in the soil, or disrupt infiltration. These in general would affect soil quality by polluting it, and this would end up even into waterways (Barnett, Robertson& Russell, n.d.).Thirdly, although not much considered is the inconvenience that might be caused by the heavy commercial vehicles, which are constantly moving into or out of Fonterra Tirau. Owing to the fact that they are large, they ha ve the potential to cause much noise and congestion of traffic in the area around Tirau. This is the same case with the heavy plant machinery used. In the light of this, it is the mandate of Fonterra Tirau to ensure that the machinery and trucks accessing the area do not have negative effects to the surrounding (Lundie, Schulz, Peters, & Nebel, 2009).Finally, air quality should be a factor very sensitive, and should be considered as well. Plant processes such as fermenting of lactic casein, bad milk.

Contract Modification Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Contract Modification - Case Study Example The defendant promised to pay an additional sum of money for each flats timely construction fearing he would face liquated damages for delay under the original contract. After finishing about eight more completed flats, the plaintiff refused to work any more and also refused to return the remaining 460, which was the amount owing from the subsequent promise or the eight completed flats. The defendant tried to argue that following Stilk v Myrick3, they were not liable to the plaintiff because the subsequent promise was not legally enforceable due to the fact that no consideration had been paid for it .The plaintiff had offered no consideration because, in exchange, the plaintiff was only offering to do what he was already bound to do.4 The Court held that there was indeed a benefit for the defendant in that he would avoid the penalty liquidated damages and have the convenience of continuing with the same carpenter At the time this case was decided, it was widely expected that that this new notion of a "practical benefit analysis" would be applied to future cases concerning part payment of debts. 5If thoroughly applied the previous cases of Foakes v Beer and Pinnel's case would be rendered as not good precedent.6 Therefore, where the creditor accepts less than the full amount owed to him and promises to waive the rest of the money it would not be difficult for him to prove that there have been any practical benefits received. 7Lord Blackburn who gave the dissenting judgement in Foakes v Beer acknowledged this, as follows:8 "All men of business ... do everyday recognise and act on the ground that prompt payment of a part of their demand may be more beneficial to them than it would be to insist on their rights and enforce payment of the whole. Even where the debtor is perfectly solvent, and sure to pay at last, this is often so. Where the credit of the debtor is doubtful it must be more so."9 The case of Re Selectmove Ltd.10 involved an appeal by a company from an order arising from the request of the IRC to recover a large amount of taxes and to wind up the defaulting company. The company pleaded that the IRC had promised through an agreement that they could pay the arrears in a monthly scheme and pay the new taxes promptly. The court held in line with Williams v Roffey brothers that this arrangement amounted to a practical benefit to the IRC. However the case was decided in the favour of IRC and Peter Gibson L J made it very clear that if the Court of Appeal were to accept the practical benefits analysis, "It would in effect leave the principle in Foakes v Beer without any application". He also said that the creditor will almost always look at the practical benefits of any bargain but they cannot be classified as new consideration and this has been the view in Foakes v Beer. This view of the Court of Appeal has been subjected to much criticism. 11It is often said that it overlooked the incompatibility between the decisions of the Williams v Roffey and Foakes v Beer and that it is not possible to restrict this case merely to a restriction or expansion of the practical benefits doctrine but a clear line needed to be drawn between a promise to pay additional sums of money under the Williams v Roffey Case and a promise to accept a lesser amount of money in lieu of the full payment under the rule in Foakes v

An Introduction To Distance Learning

An Introduction To Distance Learning Distance learning is a form of education which has been created with the aim of delivering education among those students who are not able to attend regular school due to various reasons. It can also be defined as a education system to create as well as offer access to learning in a situation where the source of education and learner are away from each other because of time and distance. In brief, we can say that distance learning is an ideal way to offer education of equal quality to meet the educational requirement of a learner outside the classroom. This method of education is being adopted by a huge number of universities and institutes around the world. If the status of distance learning is considered then we will find that though it is not as such very old phenomenon here but there is no doubt to the fact that it has been accepted wholeheartedly here and a great number of students in India are getting themselves enrolled for numerous course via distance learning. Roughly, we can count about 11 universities and about 54 institutions which are offering distance learning programs and the number is still on increase. Types of Technologies Used in Distance Education: One of the best ways to categorize the different types of distance education is by deciding whether the teacher and learner are present at the same time irrespective of the distance of time and place. In other words, when teaching and learning take place simultaneously, then this situation is termed as a synchronous which means at the same time. On the other hand, when the teacher and learner participate as per convenience of his time, then it is termed as an asynchronous situation which as the situation indicates means not at the same time. The term hybrid course is often used in distance learning programs. Actually, this term is the blend of both synchronous and asynchronous which means that it includes distance learning and face to face meeting as well. This situation is organized in a way that the teacher offers certain hours to his disciple where the latter is available at the same time by different means such as email, instant messages, telephone or video calling. Different Technologies Used in Synchronous Situation: Interactive Television: This method is often offered by the teacher and the student can join some nearest facility and be a part of a group using television as a means of connecting them. Web Conferencing: Here the learners make use of computers with web cam and microphone attached. In this technology, the teacher and the learner are not only able to see and talk with each other but they can also share documents as well. A good range of proprietary systems make it successful means of studying like Blackboard, WebCT, Adobe Connect and OnSync. Video Chat: It can be said as a shrink version of Web conferencing as it has fewer features available compared to the former. Different Technologies Used in Asynchronous Situation: In this situation, the teacher prepares his own time and the students take part in time when the time is suited to them. However, at times one has to be there within a specified time frame. This objective is achieved by using various means such as: There are certain online learning platforms like Ed2go where students are required to complete the work told and at times they have to perform self-assessment too. The teachers can be available via Ed2go but it is not so via all systems. Correspondence Courses: This method is in use before the other methods of distance education appeared in India. These courses can be done using email or Fax and also the postal service. But the idea remains same here too which is the work is completed by the student and sent to the teacher for assessment. Types of Distance Learning Courses: Internet conducted course which is based on ones choice for synchronous, asynchronous or Hybrid Broadcast Course: Here television or radio is used as means. Usually television programs are included into curriculum other than educational program which take place when the teacher and student are present face to face. For example: taped demo of the content etc. students are helped by the teachers and the project report are sent to the teachers. Courses Based on Internet: These types of courses are evolved in the internet environment using various means such as e-books, e-mail chats, asynchronous forums or mailing lists to name few. Moreover, the internet based courses can be easily blended with other distance learning courses mentioned above. Thus, we can conclude the distance learning courses in the under mentioned basic forms: Authors Course in Varying Topics Postgraduate Programs as well as Varying Staff Evolvement Programs University Course for Campus Students University Course meant for the students at the secondary and high school level Course in Specialized Fields Business Oriented Courses The Most Eligible Students for Distance Learning: Learners in different situations can take advantage of distance learning. Some fo these situations include: People who find it hard to leave home due to various reasons can be benefitted from distance education. It allows them to get the degree even in their confinement. Workers for those it is not possible to attend the local class which is scheduled for a fix time. By distance learning, they can arrange their timings are per their convenience. Home schoolers who though are enrolled in a school but who wish to increase their local opportunities by option for educational classes by taking the help of distance education. Distance learning is best for would-be students. It means students who live away from an institution offering t he course of their choice or in other words, the course/program they are willing to take is not offered by college or institution near their home. Even prisoners might be able to access to studies using different types of distance learning programs. Students who are not able to attend physical schools because of huge expense will also find it cheaper way to get their degree in distance learning. There are students who remain in search of just refresher on a specific subject but not complete course. Reasons to Opt for Distance Learning Education: Almost all students around the world are well-aware of the huge benefits of getting their studies done via distance learning. Some of the prominent benefits of distance learning include: Study is Not Restricted by Time and Place: Distance learning allows you to study wherever you wish. As we all know, internet is the basic need of todays education and it is an integral part of distance learning. So, if you have got internet connection then it means that the entire world is your classroom and your education objectives are no more restricted in geographical boundaries. You can study from your home or even office to as per your choice. No Time Restrictions: Similar to eddy where you wish, you can also study at any time whenever you find it convenient. Due to asynchronous learning, you can make use of your computers at any time of the day and have access to your study material that is in the form of videotaped lectures, research materials, chat rooms etc. it must not be amusing if you are able to get your Masters or even PhDs done via distance learning programs. Customization of College Degree as Per Ones Specific Needs: No doubt, education is very important but there are a huge number of students who have to juggle with other commitments too. Students who are working to meet these commitments such as caring for others or traveling frequently find it hard or almost impossible to join some local school or college with scheduled time. In addition to this, those who like to learn independently also find distance learning appealing. Someone-else can Pay on Your Behalf: Distance learning programs get more attractive when many employers are ready to pat a certain part or even all of their tuition fees. In this situation which better be termed as win-win situation, on one side employers are able to hire employees with increased knowledge or skill and employees are able to get higher degree without spending with a meager amount or no money at all and also are not required to reduce their working hours. Getting Degree Faster: Generally, it is possible to obtain degree faster in online course or programs compared to campus counterparts. It is due to the fact that online classes are often take place hurriedly and thus enabling one to finish their classes in less time. Also, if you have transferable credits in your favor from some other institution, you can easily make your course completion time via distance learning even lesser. Obviously, the faster you will have your degree in your hand; the chances will be more to grab a job or salary of your choice. Allow you to Build New Skills: It is certain that you get your degree via distance learning program; you must have to build certain skills which are needed to meet the requirements of distance learning programs. You are supposed to have a great deal of motivation, responsibility and making best of your time available. So, you get the skills like self-discipline and the ability to learn on your own and these skills thereafter transfer to your work place. In case, your course work is too be submitted through computers, then it will also result in your improved writing skills. Courses Offered in Distance Learning in India: The universities offering distance learning in India is administered by the Distance Education Council of India (DEC). This organization is based in the capital. The distance learning course offered in India can be divided under the number of disciplines such as Arts, Science and Commerce. Both undergraduates and post graduates can be pursued via distance learning programs in India in addition to numerous diploma courses. List of Undergraduate course which have been included in distance learning programs in India include: Bachelor of Arts (English, History, Psychology, Hindi, Sanskrit and Sociology) Bachelor of Commerce Bachelor of Science (Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Zoology and Economics) Bachelor of Library Bachelor of Education (B.Ed.) Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA) In addition to these courses, students can also get Advanced Diploma, Diploma, Post Graduate Diploma and Certificate Courses at a number of institutes offering the option of distance learning in Indian States. Indian States Offering Distance Learning Programs/Course: Some of the prominent Indian states which offer distance learning comprise New Delhi, Maharashtra, West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh and Gujarat just to name few. In real, often it is open universities that provide distance learning programs/courses. In addition to open universities in the country, there are other leading state universities which offer distance learning course. some of these universities comprise University of Delhi, University of Mumbai, Punjab University and Hyderabad University. Other universities also have separate department for distance education in Indian states. In upshot, it can be said that the trend of getting higher education or degrees is on increase day by day and it is expected to keep on going in future too with much more option available to the learners with more advanced technologies included in it. It is also crystal clear that distance learning is not an option of getting education for those only who cannot afford physical schools or campuses but it is equally famous among urban people too. It is due to the fact that distance learning offers them various opportunities to polish their skills and get higher degrees needed to move on to the higher designations. They can move on to the higher post without leaving their current job and are able to carry on their studies without quitting their jobs. In addition to this, most of the course or programs available in distance learning are related to current industry, so these courses prove highly beneficial with simple method of taking admissions into these courses no matter where you are.

A Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen Essay -- Dolls House Henrik Ibsen Essa

A Doll's House by Henrik Ibsen â€Å"A dolls house† was written by Henrik Ibsen and produced by famous actors during the time of the 1800’s; in fact it was the year of 1879 to be precise. It was around this time that many different Social, cultural and historical moments were changing through time, leaving the end result to change not only one country but had an effect on most of the world. For this section of the work I will be carefully discussing with you the issues of; * Social events * Cultural events * Historical events Social Each of these events all had major issues around during the time; like the peoples views on marriage and the roles of men and women – with or without being married. Views and opinions were vitally important in those days, they had a massive effect on people’s lives, as meeting a widowed woman would have been horrific, simply because people saw marriage as such a major obstacle. Marriage was incredibly serious during them times and it was not accepted for people to split up from a marriage. They felt that when getting married they should only accept the other person if they were happy to live with them forever until death as the as the priest when getting married says: â€Å"Until death do us part† ======================== Each person when in a marriage had there own role; for the women they had to mainly work as housewives (although there were exceptions) and for the men they had to get a job and bring in the income for there relationship to live. It was just â€Å"the done thing† there were no reasons why a man could not stay at home and look after the house why the women worked it was just the way people presumed it to go. This is still pushing the boundaries of today... ...on. Divorce was unacceptable, as I have briefly mentioned before. The play itself is poignant as it set around the Christmas holiday, this is a time for giving, loving and sharing etcetera, where as Nora is doing the opposite. Also this is ironic as Nora’s father was a priest for the Christian religion. Nora believes in this miracle throughout the whole play, the fact that she is going to be free. Overall, all of these events played a massive role on Henrik Ibsen and influenced him incredibly leading to the naturalistic play of â€Å"A dolls house†. Without these cultural, historical and social issues taking place the play would not have turned out any thing like it did. Not only did the issues have a massive effect on the play but also the play had a massive effect on the issues. Taking each step a little closer with things like the right for women to vote.

Intro to Ethics Essay

Ethics is a field of study where people are encouraged to examine their own moral values and be able to examine the values of others. There are several types of ethics, but we wish to examine normative ethics and to differentiate between teleology and deontology. We also wish to examine and explain how virtue theory and character are connected. Normative ethics can be defined as arriving at a moral standard that regulates our right and wrong conduct. It is a search for an ideal behavior. Fieser notes that the Golden Rule is an exemplary example of a â€Å"normative principle (2006). Fieser also notes that there is one key assumption of normative ethics—that there is â€Å"only one ultimate criterion of moral conduct (Ibid). † There are three strategies of note—virtue theories, duty theories, and consequentialist theories. Virtue theories place the emphasis on learning a set of rules and more stress on developing good character traits (Ibid). It is one of the oldest normative traditions in Western philosophy (Ibid). Duty theories â€Å"base morality on specific, foundational principles of obligation (Ibid). Fieser notes four central duty theories. The first is put forward by Samuel Pufendorf, who placed all duties under the headings of duty to God, duty to self, and duty to others. The second is called rights theory, which was forwarded by John Locke. A third duty theory is emphasized by Kant, who put forward a single principle of duty. He states we have a â€Å"categorical imperative (Ibid). † A final duty based theory comes from W. D. Ross. He states that our duties are â€Å"part of the fundamental nature of the universe (Ibid). Consequentialist theories postulate that moral conduct is determined â€Å"solely by a cost-benefit analysis of an action’s consequence (Ibid). † Teleology and deontology are two diametrically opposed theories that propose two ways of approaching right and wrong. Teleological theory states that the ultimate criteria of what is morally right is the non-moral value that is brought to the table. According to Frankena, the â€Å"final appeal†¦must be to the comparative amount of good produced (1973). In other words, more good than evil must be produced to measure the action ‘good’ under a teleological theory. In deontological theories, â€Å"the basic judgments of obligation are all purely particular ones (Ibid). † There are two types of deontological theories—act deontological theories and rule deontological theories. Act deontological theories state we must decide what is the right thing to do in each particular situation. Rule deontological theories state that the â€Å"standard of right and wrong consists of one or more rules (Ibid). † Virtue theory and character are connected because we are each raised with a particular value system that guides us in our moral behavior. That virtue theory is ingrained in our character, therefore creating a unique individual with a unique value system. Ethics is a complex subject that is hard to define and defies explanation. It is intricate and complex and encourages us to think about our own morals and moral system. It encourages us to move beyond our narrow constraints of right and wrong to the broader implications of our moral thinking. We should constantly examine our ethics to make sure we are making proper decisions and we are not thinking only of ourselves, but of our fellow man as well.

Learning Through Observation

She was talking about a customer she had to deal with in the office and the husband started talking about a official, yet interesting case he was working on. He was talking about running tests, so I'm guessing he works some sort of Job in a hospital like setting or maybe a lab. After they talked about their work for a minute she started to talk about the baby they were expecting and how excited they were. She seemed nervous and wanted everything to be planned out and in order for when the baby came.He reassured her that she had been doing a great Job and he did not want her to work too hard or stress out. He even offered to take on more responsibilities around the house because he did not want her on her feet too much. The woman had a smile on her face. The couple seemed to have a very healthy relationship. What the husband was saying to his wife was very helpful. He wanted to relieve any stress that she had and reassured her that she is not alone going through these amazing life cha nges and that he was there for her.This observation was a good example of our two basic needs, affiliation and achievement. They are affectionate towards one another and the wife even congratulated him on his milestones at work. This was also a good example of how each person demonstrated generality. The husband is doing great tit work and the woman is expecting a baby. If the couple was not so supportive the relationship dynamic could be completely different.There could be a lot more stress on both of them and less intimacy, therefore more Isolation according to Erosion's Intimacy verse Isolation and the human need for Intimacy. This couple also fit the standards of our society's social clock. The couple seemed financially stable, they were married, in their early thirties and expecting what is probably their first child. These are the appropriate endeavors one might expect from someone in their hearties in America. It was a Saturday evening around 7 o'clock July 20, 2013.I went to Kingfisher the restaurant with my boyfriend. We ended up sitting next to a couple who looked to be in their thirties. The couple looked to me to be a happy one. They were married; you stress out. He even offered to take on more responsibilities around the house stress on both of them and less intimacy, therefore more isolation according to Erosion's intimacy verse isolation and the human need for intimacy. This couple also fit the standards of our society social clock. The couple seemed financially stable,

Roswell Essays

Roswell Essays Roswell Essay Roswell Essay State your hypothesis (prediction) about the incident: Research (use the table below to record your research): Note: You must include the information below for AT LEAST THREE sources to receive full credit for this assignment. Site title http://w. NM. Resolutenesss. Com/ URL or book publisher Resolutenesss. Com/Roswell. HTML Who created the site FOMCL NM Inc Brief description In 1869 Van Smith purchased some land with a few bulldogs and named it Roswell after his dad. Four years later Smith established a post office. In 1877 Smiths began developing the community. Later down the road during World War II, the Roswell Army Alarm Held was established south of Roswell to train bomber crews. SIX years later Roswell Army Alarm Field got Involved In a unidentified flying object northwest of Roswell. Science or pseudoscience pseudoscience Support or refute your hypothesis? I believe it was not aliens because it was a unidentified flying object north west of Roswell. They couldnt tell weather it was a alien spaceship or Just a weather balloon. So there for there is no real proof that is was a spaceship. Http://YMMV. Violence. Org/ I could not find who made site Dan Willow and his wife were sitting on their front porch when they saw a bright saucer shaped object with glowing lights moving across they sky at 400-500 miles per hour. Willow estimated that the flying object was about 20-25 feet across. The object was coming from the Southeast and disappeared to the Northwest.. Science or pseudoscience I believe that if willow saw something in the sky and was going 400-500 MPH it loud be hard to tell how big it really was. I also believe that if you could see lights glowing that it had to be getting dark or dark already so that leads me to believe that it was Just a plane even if it was Just a small one. Http://www. History. Com/topics/Roswell History. Com A Television Networks A sheep farmer was out checking on his sheep and came across some debris. Officials from the local Air Force base asserted that it was a crashed weather balloon, many people believed it was the remains of an flying saucer. 50 years after the U. S. Literary issued a report linking the incident to a top-secret atomic espionage project called Project Mogul. Science or pseudoscience pseudoscience I believe that it was really Just a weather balloon because threes no real proof that is was a spaceship. Science or pseudoscience Does your research support or refute your hypothesis? Please explain below: I believe that my research supports my hypothesis because there is no pictures or real proof besides people saying they saw a spaceshi p. I dont think that people can be used to support it because that could have lied.

Project Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 4

Project Management - Essay Example The Belgian biscuit launch shall be used as the take-off point for revitaliseing sales and marketing efforts, in order to help assure a business turnaround for BIX-FIX. Determine the final version of the new product through product development processes, including test marketing, in terms of standardisation of ingredients, product shape, packaging, and packaged quantities Several mechanisms need to be in place to successfully manage the project and help ensure its success. Project management needs careful planning and organising in order to achieve objectives. Aside from defining goals and objectives, there is a need to identify the various tasks needed to be accomplished to achieve the goals, quantifying the resources needed, determining the budget, and defining the schedule for completion. Upon completion of the plan, implementation, evaluation and maintenance follow (Free Mgt Lib 2009). In the area of Product Development, the proposed new Belgian biscuit will need to undergo a series of trial production runs to be able to standardise quality and quantity of ingredients, biscuit shape and other considerations for packaged food products. In coordination with Marketing, trial production with different specifications for packaging and size also need to be tested. The final product version that will pass the test will also need to be tested to confirm that the design of the new product is compatible with mass production. In the area of Production, as was decided by the board of directors, a new production machine shall be installed to handle increased production arising from the introduction of the new product. The ordering, delivery and installation time of this new equipment should be considered in the Project Schedule, as this is projected to be needed from Year 2 onwards after launch. A new 2-shift working system will need to be adopted compared with the current day only working pattern. This

Irresponsible drinking - is it getting worse Essay

Irresponsible drinking - is it getting worse - Essay Example More than one fifth of women and one third of men consume more than the daily recommended alcohol levels (OCR 2011, p. 2). People are also more concerned about irresponsible drinking because young adults and children are beginning to drink at a much younger age than ever before. Statistics further indicate that out of every secondary school student, one drinks alcohol more than once a week. Even the government is concerned that the drinking rates, especially among minors, have reached worrying levels. Parents, friends, and licensed premises have been largely blamed for contributing to irresponsible drinking among children (OCR 2011, p. 2). One proposal that has been made to deal with irresponsible drinking entails appointing auditors to examine how the alcohol industry abides by the codes of practice that check on responsible retailing. Change of laws has also been proposed to force alcohol suppliers into line. Increasing taxes on alcohol prices so as to discourage irresponsible drinking has also been proposed. There have been campaigns about the dangers of abusing alcohol, aimed at discouraging irresponsible drinking (OCR 2011, p.